A balanced diet
Founding idea: For enjoying good health, a balanced diet has to be followed.
Official dietetics :
Proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals, trace elements... 6 foods' groups. A balanced diet: eating at least 5 fruits and vegetables every day, bread or cereals or potatoes or pulses every meal, dairy products every day, meat or poultry or fish or eggs; limiting the consumption of wine, fats, sugar et salt.
Ayurvedic dietetics :
Historic dietetics of India.
5 elements: Ether, Air, Water, Fire, Earth. 3 humours or Doshas balance: Vata, Pitta and Kapha. The best foods, which provide energy to the body, are Sattvic: juicy foods, dry fruits, sprouted grains, green vegetables, milk and fresh butter, cereals, many aromatic herbs and spices when they are used along with the correct food items.
Chinese dietetics :
Historic dietetics of China.
5 elements and 5 temperaments: Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, Water. Yin and Yang balance. A foodstuff that has a pungent taste such as garlic or ginger, or a food that has a sweet taste such as carrot or pear is a Yang food. A food that is salty such as shrimp, crab or sauerkraut and a product that has a bitter taste such as tea, coffee or celery is a Yin food.
Hippocratic dietetics :
Historic dietetics of Mediaeval Europe before the advent of modern dietetics. 4 elements: Air, Fire, Earth, Water. 4 temperaments: sanguine, choleric, melancholic, phlegmatic individuals. Balanced food according to one’s temperament: meats in gravy for sanguine people; grilled meats, spices for cholerics; root vegetables, pulled out from the Earth for melancholics; soup and raw vegetables for phlegmatics.
Challenge to a balanced diet
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Raw foodists : A living food, eating only foods whose nutrients are not destroyed by heat.
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Vegetarians and Vegans : A balanced diet can be achieved without consuming animal proteins.